Granular shoulder is an important element of road system.One can frequently notice shoulders rutting, edge breakage, unconformity of cross-section to the norms that could be caused by wind and water-generated erosion.These problems directly affect the drivers, influences their behaviour on the road and traffic safety.Therefore, a constant maintenan
Due to Pedal Axle uncontrolled dump of dried municipal sludge and its use by farmers as soil conditioner and/or fertilizer, an extensive research was conducted in order to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of municipal sludges produced at three major cities, namely, Qateef, Dammam and Khobar in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Structural collapse due to the absence of geophysical information has become a major concern in the construction and building industries today.In this research, we reported the effect of fracture on some selected buildings in Area BZ, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.Reflex W software was used to analyze the vertical and horizontal profiles of the su